The Korean government took the bold measure to open its door to Japanese popular culture as part of an action plan following the declaration of a new partnership between the Republic of Korea and Japan in 1998. The governments of the two countries have inaugurated cultural exchange committees, respectively, so as to promote cultural exchange on the civic level, suggest policies on exchanges, and operate such programs and projects. This year, 2018, marks the 20th anniversary of their joint declaration of a partnership. Now it is time to look back on 20 years of cultural exchanges between the Republic of Korea and Japan and to search for ways to develop these exchanges. It is necessary to invite experts from the Republic of Korea and Japan to review the present conditions of the exchanges and discuss future prospects.