Thomas J. Biersteker is the Gasteyger Professor of International Security and Director for Policy Research at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva. He previously taught at Yale University, the University of Southern California, and Brown University, where he directed the Watson Institute for International Studies. Author/editor of ten books, including most recently Targeted Sanctions: The Impacts and Effectiveness of UN Action (2016), his research focuses primarily on international relations theory, multilateral governance, and international sanctions. He is the principal developer of SanctionsApp, an interactive tool for the design of UN targeted sanctions and his recent activities include work with the UN and Member States on the design and analysis of UN targeted sanctions. He received his Ph.D. and M.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his B.A. from the University of Chicago.