<Education>
- B.A.: Seoul National University(1979)
- M.P.A.: Seoul National University(1985)
- Ph.D: Kent State University(1991)

<Career>
- Guest Professor at Keio University(November 1, 2016-March 31, 2017)
- Special Lecture at Beijing Normal University(March 28, 2016)
- Special Research Professor at Ritsumeikan University (April 2014 – March 2015)
- Intensive Teaching at Ritsumeikan University (2012, 2013)
- Full Professor, Seoul National University (2012-present)
- Tenured Lecturer-Full Professor Dong-eui University(1992-2012)
- Special Teaching Professor at Keio University(2010-2011)
- Intensive Teaching at Keio University(2009, 2008)
- Invited Scholar to the Nizhny Novgorod State University in Russia. (April 20 - April 29, 2008)
- Visiting Scholar to Waseda University (January 2000 - January 2001)
- Academic Visitor to the London School of Economics and Political Science (July-August, 1998)
- Dispatched Scholar, Local Government Development Strategy, Cebu, Philippines, funded by the Asian Foundation(September 28 - October 2, 1997)
- Visiting Professor, University of Cambridge (July 1995 to June 1996)
- Dispatched Scholar, Local Government Academy in the Philippines to train the bureaucrats of the Philippines (Aug. 1992 to Sep. 1992)
- Teaching Fellow, Department of Political Science, Kent State University, U.S.A.(1989-1991)
- Graduate Assistant, Department of Political Science, Kent State University(1986-1988)